PENGARUH FLUKTUASI HARGA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS PETANI PADI DI DESA PATTANGNGA KECAMATAN BOLA KABUPATEN WAJO

Abstract

Price fluctuation is a phenomenon that frequently occurs in agricultural commodities, particularly rice, which serves as the staple food for the majority of Indonesian population. This study aims to analyze the effect of price fluctuations on the productivity of rice farmers in Pattangngae Village, Bola District, Wajo Regency. The research was conducted from January to March 2026 using a quantitative approach with a survey method. The population comprised 320 rice farmers, with a sample of 32 respondents selected through simple random sampling (10% of the population). Data collection employed observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis utilized simple linear regression analysis, validity and reliability tests, coefficient of determination (R²), and t-test (partial). The results indicate that price fluctuations have a positive and significant effect on rice farmers' productivity, with a t-count value of 4.892 > t-table 2.042 and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. The regression equation obtained is Y = 13.254 + 0.647X, meaning that every one-unit increase in price fluctuations increases productivity by 0.647 units. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.478 indicates that price fluctuations explain 47.8% of the variation in farmers' productivity, while 52.2% is influenced by other factors such as weather conditions, pest attacks, fertilizer availability, capital access, agricultural technology, and farmers' skills and experience. The main impacts felt by farmers include income decline when rice prices drop during harvest (81.25%), difficulty in planning farming activities (78.13%), and postponement of harvest sales (71.88%). This research recommends the establishment of integrated market price information systems, price stabilization programs, optimization of agricultural extension roles, strengthening of farmer groups, and increased capacity building for farmers through training and improved post-harvest handling.