PENGARUH METODE PEMATAHAN DORMANSI ORGANIK TERHADAP VIGOR BENIH CABAI RAWIT YANG TELAH KADALUWARSA

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic dormancy-breaking methods on the viability and vigor of expired chili seeds (Capsicum frutescens L.). Seed dormancy is a major issue in the use of aged seeds, often resulting in poor germination and low vigor. The experiment was conducted in Ballere, Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi, using a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications: Z0 (water control), Z1 (40% garlic extract), and Z2 (40% shallot extract). The results showed that Z1 and Z2 significantly improved both viability and vigor index compared to the control. Treatment Z2 produced the highest viability (96.67%) and vigor index (93.33%), while the control (Z0) yielded only 3.33% for both. The presence of bioactive compounds such as allicin and flavonoids in the extracts likely stimulated seed metabolism. Therefore, organic dormancy-breaking methods using natural extracts are proven effective and environmentally friendly for improving the physiological quality of expired seeds and are recommended for use in sustainable agricultural systems.